Transformation of Sentences
Simple, Complex & Compound
Transformation of Sentences যদি পানির মতো সহজ ভাবে বুঝতে চাও তাহলে এই পোস্টটি তোমার জন্য। এখানে আমরা Simple, Complex & Compound sentences নিয়ে কথা বলবো। আমরা কিভাবে খুব সহজে একটি sentence কে অর্থের পরিবর্তন না করে অন্য sentence এ রূপান্তর করবো এই বিষয় গুলো জানবো। প্রথমে আমরা উদহারণ গুলো দেখবো এবং উদহারণ এর পরে rules দেখবো। তোমরা যদি মনোযোক দিয়ে পুরো পোস্টটি পড়ো, তাহলে ইনশাআল্লাহ তোমাদের Transformation of Sentences এর Simple, Complex & Compound নিয়ে কোনো সমস্যা থাকবে না।
TYPE 1: Examples:
1. Complex: Since he worked hard, he made a good result.
Compound: He worked hard and made a good result.
Simple: Working hard, he made a good result.
2. Complex: As he went to the market, he bought some fish.
Compound: He went to the market and bought some fish.
Simple: Going to the market, he bought some fish.
3. Compound: The sun had set and we reached home.
Complex: when the sun had set, we reached home.
Simple: The sun having set, we reached home.
4. Simple: Finishing the work, I took a rest.
Complex: when I finished the work, I took a rest.
Compound: I finished the work and took a rest.
Rule 1:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| Since /as/when | and | verb + ing |
TYPE 2: Examples:
1. Complex: Since he was sharp, he made a good result.
Compound: He was sharp and he made a good result.
Simple: Because of his being sharp, he made a good result.
Or, Because of his sharpness, he made a good result.
2. Compound: He was ill and could not come to school.
Complex: As /since he was ill, he could not come to school.
Simple: Because of his illness, he could not come to school.
3. Simple: Rasel could not continue his study for poverty.
Compound: Rasel was poor and could not continue his study.
Complex: As Rasel was poor, he could not continue his study.
Rule 2:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| Since/as/because + sub + be verb | and | Because of + possessive form of subject + adjective + ness + others part Or, Because of + possessive form of subject+ verb + ing + others part |
TYPE 3: Examples:
1. Complex: Bangladesh became independent when it was 1971.
Compound: It was 1971, and Bangladesh became independent.
Simple: Bangladesh became independent in 1971.
2. Complex: I went to Dhaka for the first time when I was 10 years old.
Compound: I was 10 years old, and went to Dhaka for the first time.
Simple: I went to Dhaka for the first time at the age of 10.
3. Simple: The old man woke up at the time of raining.
Complex: When the old man woke up, it was raining.
Compound: The old man woke up, and it was raining.
Rule 3:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| When | And | In/ at/ on——(Time)At/ at the age of—-(age) At the age of + v + ing—- (The time of having incident) |
Type 4: Examples:
1. Complex: Though he walked fast, he missed the bus.
Compound: He walked fast, but missed the bus.
Simple: In spite of his walking fast, he missed the bus.
2. Compound: He was ill, but went to college.
Complex: Though he was ill, he went to college.
Simple: In spite of his being ill, he went to college.
3. Simple: Despite heavy fog, he drove fast.
Complex: Though there was heavy fog, he drove fast.
Compound: There was heavy fog, but he drove fast.
Rule 4:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| Though/ Although | But/ Yet | In Spite of + possessive of subject + verb + ingOr, Despite |
TYPE 5: Examples:
1. Complex: If you work hard, you will shine in life.
Compound: work hard, and you will shine in life.
Simple: By working hard, you will shine in life.
2. Compound: Do and die.
Complex: If you do, you will die.
Simple: By doing, you will die.
3. Simple: By taking regular exercise, you can keep fit.
Complex: If you take regular exercise, you can keep fit.
Compound: Take regular exercise, and you can keep fit.
Transformation of Sentences নিয়ে কোনো question থাকলে comment করে জানাবে।
Rule 5:
| Complex | compound | Simple |
| If— Clause + affirmative | Imperative + and | By + Gerund (v + ing) |
TYPE 6: Examples:
1. Complex: If you do not read more, you will not get GPA-5.
Compound: Read more, or you will not get GPA-5
Simple: Without reading more, you will not get GPA-5.
2. Compound: Do or die.
Complex: If you do not do, you will die.
Simple: Without doing, you will die.
3. Simple: Without going to bed early, you cannot get up early.
Complex: If you do not go to bed early, you cannot get up early.
Compound: Go to bed early, or you cannot get up early.
Rule 6:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| If Clause + Negative/ Unless | Imperative + or | Without + Gerund (v + ing) |
More: Transformation of Sentences
TYPE 7: Examples:
1. Complex: He is so weak that he cannot walk.
Compound: He is very weak, and cannot walk.
Simple: He is too weak to walk.
2. Complex: The poem was so difficult that I could not understand it.
Compound: The poem was very difficult, and I could not understand it.
Simple: The poem was too difficult for me to understand.
3. Simple: The load is too heavy for him to carry.
Complex: The load is so heavy that he cannot carry it.
Compound: The load is very heavy, and he cannot carry it.
N.B. If the Subject is different, the simple sentence will be (too+ ……+for + object form of 2nd subject + to + V1)
RULE 7:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| so…….that | very ………and | Too….to |
TYPE 8: Examples:
1. Complex: He works hard so that he can shine in life.
Compound: He wants to shine in life, and so he works hard.
Simple: He works hard to shine in life.
2. Simple: We read to learn.
Complex: we read so that we can learn.
Compound: we want to learn, and so we read.
Rule 8:
| Complex | Compound | simple |
| so that/ in order that | and so | to / in order to + v1 |
TYPE 9: Examples:
1. Complex: I saw a beggar who was lame.
Compound: I saw a beggar and he was lame
Simple: I saw a lame beggar.
2. Simple: He bought a nice house.
Complex: He bought a house which was nice.
Compound: He bought a house, and it was nice.
3. Compound: she found a boy, and he was an orphan.
Complex: she found a boy who was an orphan.
Simple: she found an orphan boy.
RULE 9:
| Complex | Complex | Simple |
| Relative pronoun (who/ which / that) + be verb + adjective | and | Adjective + noun |
More Rules: Parts of Speech
TYPE 10: Examples:
1. Complex: I saw a beggar who was begging from door to door.
Compound: I saw a beggar, and he was begging from door to door.
Simple: I saw a beggar begging from door to door.
2. Complex: This Machine which is made in a local factory, runs well.
Compound: This Machine is in a local factory, and runs well.
Simple: This Machine made in a local factory runs well.
RULE 10:
| Complex | Compound | Simple |
| Relative pronoun | And | present participle (active)/ Past participle (passive) |
Transformation of Sentences এর নিয়ম গুলো আরো সহজ ভাবে বুঝার জন্য নিচের নিয়ম গুলো ফলো করো।
TYPE 11: Examples:
1. Complex: Tell me what your name is.
Simple: Tell me your name.
2. Complex: I know where he was born.
Simple: I know his birthplace.
3. Complex: I know where he lives.
Simple: I know his address.
4. Complex: I don’t know why she is absent.
Simple: I don’t know the reason for her absence.
5. Complex: Can you tell me when he will come?
Simple: Can you tell me the time of his coming?
6. Complex: Please tell me how I can go to the station.
Simple: Please tell me the way to the station.
RULE 11:
| Complex | Compound |
| Noun clause | Noun phrase |
Extra Rules of Transformation of Sentences
TYPE 12: Examples:
1. Simple: knowledge is power.
Complex: It is knowledge which is power.
2. Simple: I am to blame.
Complex: It is I who am to blame.
3. Complex: we gave him not only food but also shelter.